Plant Developmental Biology - Biotechnological Perspectives: Volume 2

regulation,includingRNAsilencing,DNAmethylation,epigenetics,activationt- ging,homologousrecombination,andtheengineeringofsyntheticpromoters. Thesebookswillserveaskeyreferencesforadvancedstudentsandresearchers involved in a range of plant-orientated disciplines, including genetics, cell and molecularbiology,functionalgenomics,andbiotechnology. August2009 E-C. PuaandM. R. Davey v Contents PartI CellDifferentiationandDevelopmentInVitro 1 DevelopmentalBiologyofSomaticEmbryogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 R. J. Rose,F. R. Mantiri,S. Kurdyukov,S-K. Chen,X-D. Wang, K. E. Nolan,andM. B. Sheahan 1. 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. 2 BasicRequirementsforInVitroSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1. 3 ExplantandStemCellBiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 3. 1 Genotype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 3. 2 ExplantCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. 4 EarliestEventinEmbryogenesis¿AsymmetricCellDivision . . . . . . . 8 1. 4. 1 CellWallinEstablishmentofPolarity,DivisionAsymmetry andCellFate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1. 4. 2 DivisionAsymmetryintheInitiationofSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1. 4. 3 AsymmetricDivisionandtheSuspensorinSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1. 5 StressComponentintheInitiationofSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1. 5. 1 ReactiveOxygenSpecies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1. 5. 2 Stress-RelatedHormoneSignalling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1. 6 HormonesandtheInitiationofSE . . . . .